Choose a sector
All four worked samples are full IFRS S2 — Para 6 through Para 33–36 — anchored on the IFRS S2 standard text, IBG industry-based metrics, and cohort findings from NZ FMA, KPMG FAST 30, PwC AASB S2, and Deloitte Wave 1.
Commercial Banking →
Sample Bank plc · ~CU 480bn loan book
Diversified commercial bank covering retail mortgages, CRE, commercial lending, project finance, and capital markets. Strongest sector for financed-emissions worked examples and Para 22 portfolio scenario analysis.
- Three-scenario portfolio resilience table (Para 22)
- Sub-portfolio physical-risk disaggregation (Para 29(c))
- Sectoral financed-emissions targets per UNEP FI v4
Real Estate →
Sample REIT · ~CU 3.85bn portfolio
Diversified institutional REIT across office, industrial / logistics, retail, and multi-family residential, with active development pipeline. Cleanest sector for asset-level Para 29(c) physical-risk disclosure.
- Asset-level scenario analysis with adaptation capex bridge
- IBG IF-RE-450a.1 reconciliation with Para 29(c) carrying-amount form
- Embodied-carbon transition-plan worked example
Mining & Metals →
Sample Resources Ltd · ~14 mines + 5 processing facilities
Global diversified miner across copper, lithium, iron ore, aluminium, and base metals. Strongest sector for long-horizon scenario analysis (LOM + post-closure liability) and dual-channel transition disclosure.
- Site-level Para 22 scenario analysis with production-share-at-risk
- Tailings-facility Para 29(c) treatment
- Critical-minerals opportunity disclosure (Para 29(d))
General Insurance →
Sample General Insurance Ltd · ~CU 14bn GWP
AU/NZ general insurer with retail and intermediated property and casualty book. Sector with the most evidence-grounded full-IFRS-S2 worked sample, including PML triangulation per FN-IN-450a.1 and dual underwriting/investment Para 29(c) treatment.
- Per-peril PML triangulation table (Para 29(c))
- Dual-track risk management (CPS 220 + IFRS S2)
- Adaptation-side non-emissions target (Para 33–36)
Reference shelf
The canonical source referenced across all four worked samples.
Common questions
What is IFRS S2?
IFRS S2 is the climate-related disclosure standard issued by the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB), part of the IFRS Foundation. It requires entities to disclose climate-related risks and opportunities affecting their prospects, organised under four pillars: Governance, Strategy, Risk Management, and Metrics & Targets. The standard came into effect for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2024, with jurisdictional adoption progressing through 2024–2027 in the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, and other jurisdictions.
What are the disclosure requirements for IFRS S2?
IFRS S2 requires disclosures across 17 numbered paragraphs (Para 6 through Para 33–36) organised under four pillars. Governance (Para 6, 7) covers board oversight and management’s role. Strategy (Para 10, 13, 14, 15–21, 22) covers risks and opportunities, business model effects, decision-making, financial effects, and climate resilience scenario analysis. Risk Management (Para 25) covers the processes for identifying, assessing, prioritising, and monitoring climate-related risks. Metrics & Targets (Para 29(a)–(g), 32, 33–36) covers GHG emissions, transition and physical risk exposure, capital deployment, internal carbon prices, remuneration, industry-based metrics, and quantitative climate targets.
What is the most-skipped IFRS S2 disclosure?
Para 29(c) — the amount and percentage of assets or business activities vulnerable to climate-related physical risks — is the most-skipped disclosure across every early-reporter cohort globally. Roughly one-third to one-half of first-wave reporters do not quantify the figure; where they disclose at all, the typical pattern is a qualitative hedge plus a cross-reference to scenario-analysis narrative. NZ FMA, KPMG FAST 30, PwC AASB S2 Unpacked, and Deloitte Wave 1 cohort reviews have independently flagged this pattern.
Are these worked samples real disclosures?
No. The worked samples use illustrative entities (Sample Bank plc, Sample REIT, Sample Resources Ltd, Sample General Insurance Ltd) and constructed figures. They are designed to show one defensible position per paragraph for each sector. They are not benchmarks of “the right answer”; IFRS S2 is principles-based and accommodates a range of formats. Each cell is paired with a “Skipped vs. compliant” block summarising what early-wave reporters actually do, drawn from the cohort reviews of NZ FMA, KPMG FAST 30, PwC AASB S2 Unpacked, and Deloitte Wave 1.
How are the IFRS S2 worked samples constructed?
Each worked sample is a full IFRS S2 report example for its sector, covering all 17 numbered paragraphs (Para 6 through Para 33–36). The standard text quoted on each sector page is verbatim from the IFRS S2 Standard. Worked sample text, interpretive commentary, and skipped-vs-compliant findings are Continuuiti SME work, anchored on the IFRS S2 standard text and Appendix B application guidance, the SASB Industry-Based Guidance, and the cohort reviews referenced inline.
Is there illustrative guidance for IFRS S2?
The IFRS Foundation publishes IFRS S1 and S2 Illustrative Guidance (IG documents) alongside the standards. These provide narrative and worked numerical examples for specific paragraphs, notably the SASB Industry-Based Guidance for sector-specific metrics, but they do not provide full sector-level worked disclosures spanning all 17 paragraphs. Continuuiti’s worked samples complement the official illustrative guidance by providing full per-sector report examples, anchored on the same IFRS S2 standard text and SASB Industry-Based Guidance.